2 Sam 24 Again the Anger of the Lord Burned Against

Hobbit character in The Lord of the Rings

Samwise Gamgee (, ordinarily chosen Sam) is a fictional grapheme in J. R. R. Tolkien's Heart-earth. A hobbit, Samwise is the chief supporting graphic symbol of The Lord of the Rings, serving as the sidekick of the protagonist Frodo Baggins. Sam is a fellow member of the Fellowship of the Ring, the group of nine charged with destroying the One Ring to prevent the Dark Lord Sauron from taking over the world.

Sam was Frodo's gardener. He was fatigued into Frodo's adventure while eavesdropping on a private conversation Frodo was having with the wizard Gandalf. Sam was Frodo'due south steadfast companion and servant, portrayed every bit both physically strong for his size and emotionally strong, often pushing Frodo through difficult parts of the journey and at times carrying Frodo when he was besides weak to proceed. Sam served as Band-bearer for a short time when Frodo was captured; his emotional strength was again demonstrated when he willingly gave the Ring back to Frodo. Following the War of the Band, Sam returned to the Shire and his role as gardener, helping to replant the trees which had been destroyed while he was away. He was elected Mayor of the Shire for vii consecutive terms.

Literature [edit]

Fictional biography [edit]

Samwise Gamgee was Frodo Baggins'south gardener, having inherited the position from his begetter, Hamfast "Gaffer" Gamgee, who was Bilbo Baggins's gardener. As "penalisation" for eavesdropping on Gandalf's conversation with Frodo regarding the One Ring, Sam was fabricated Frodo's first companion on his journey to Rivendell.^{[T 1]} They were joined by Meriadoc Brandybuck and Peregrin Took, Frodo's cousins, traveling together to Rivendell. At the Council of Elrond there, Sam joined the Fellowship of the Band.^{[T 2]} In the elvish land of Lothlórien, Galadriel gives Sam a small box of earth from her garden.^{[T 3]}

When the Fellowship divide up at the Falls of Rauros, Sam insisted on accompanying Frodo.^{[T four]} Sam protected and cared for Frodo, who was growing weaker under the Ring's influence, equally they moved through the dangerous lands toward Mordor. Sam distrusted Gollum, who became their guide into Mordor.^{[T 5] [T 6]} His suspicions were proven right when Gollum betrayed them to the giant spider Shelob. When Shelob stung Frodo, Sam drove her off.^{[T vii]} When a band of orcs approached, Sam was forced to get out the apparently expressionless Frodo and have the Band himself, and briefly became the Band-bearer. He was momentarily tempted past its hope of power, but did not succumb to it.^{[T eight]} Sam then rescued Frodo (who had simply been paralysed) from the orcs who held him convict. Sam returned the ring to Frodo.^{[T 9]} The two then journeyed through Mordor^{[T x]} and into Mountain Doom, where Gollum attacked Frodo and reclaimed the Ring, only to destroy both information technology and himself past falling into i of the Cracks of Doom.^{[T eleven]}

Then Sam planted saplings in all the places where specially beautiful or beloved trees had been destroyed, and he put a grain of the precious dust in the soil at the root of each. He went upwardly and downward the Shire in this labour; but if he paid special attention to Hobbiton and Bywater no one blamed him. ...
  Spring surpassed his wildest hopes. His trees began to sprout and grow, as if time was in a hurry and wished to brand one twelvemonth do for twenty. In the Party Field a cute young sapling leaped upwards: information technology had silver bawl and long leaves and flare-up into golden flowers in Apr. It was indeed a mallorn, and it was the wonder of the neighbourhood.

The Lord of the Rings, book 6, ch. 9 "The Grayness Havens"

The hobbits returned home^{[T 12]} horrified to find the Shire nether the control of "Sharkey" (Saruman) and his ruffians who had wantonly felled trees and despoiled the villages; the hobbits defeated them at the Battle of Bywater.^{[T 13]} Sam travelled the length and latitude of the Shire replanting trees, using the elf-queen Galadriel's gift of earth from her garden, and one seed of the elvish mallorn tree, which he planted at Hobbiton. The saplings grew at an amazing charge per unit.^{[T fourteen]}

Sam married Rosie Cotton and moved into Pocketbook End with Frodo. The side by side year they had a girl, Elanor, the first of their thirteen children. Frodo told Sam he and Bilbo would leave Heart-earth, along with Gandalf and nigh of the remaining High Elves, for the Undying Lands. Frodo gave Sam the estate of Pocketbook Cease, and the Red Volume of Westmarch for Sam to keep, hinting that Sam might likewise exist allowed to travel into the Due west somewhen. Sam returned to meet his family at Bag End, ending the story with the words "Well, I'm back."^{[T 14]}

Human relationship with Frodo [edit]

Tolkien stated that the relationship of Frodo and Sam reflected that of a British officer and his batman during the First World War.^{[T 15]}

During the journey to destroy the Band, Sam's relationship with Frodo exemplifies that of a military servant or batman to his assigned officer in the British Army, in detail in the Start World State of war in which Tolkien had served as an officer, with dissimilar batmen at different times.^{[T 15]} His biographer John Garth stated:^[one]

The relationship between Frodo and Sam closely reflects the hierarchy of an officer and his retainer [in the Start World War]. Officers had a university education and a middle-class groundwork. Working-class men stayed at the rank of private or at best sergeant. A social gulf divides the literate, leisured Frodo from his former gardener, now responsible for wake-up calls, cooking and packing... Tolkien maps the gradual breakdown of restraint [through prolonged peril] until Sam tin can take Frodo in his arms and call him "Mr Frodo, my honey."^[i]

Tolkien wrote in a individual letter: "My Sam Gamgee is indeed a reflexion of the English soldier, of the privates and batmen I knew in the 1914 war, and recognised equally and then far superior to myself."^{[T 15]} and elsewhere: "Sam was cocksure, and deep downward a little conceited; only his conceit had been transformed by his devotion to Frodo. He did not think of himself as heroic or even brave, or in any way beauteous – except in his service and loyalty to his main."^{[T 16]}

Names and titles [edit]

Tolkien states that the "true" or Westron form of Sam's name is Banazîr Galbasi. As with "Samwise", Banazîr comes from elements meaning "halfwise" or "simple". Galbasi comes from the name of the village Galabas. The name Galabas uses the elements galab-, pregnant "game", and bas-, corresponding somewhat to "-wich" or "-wick". In his part as "translator" of the Red Book of Westmarch, Tolkien devised a strict English language translation, Samwís Gamwich, which develops into Samwise Gammidgy and eventually comes to Samwise Gamgee in modernistic English.^{[T 17]} In the year 1427 of the Shire Reckoning, Sam was elected Mayor of the Shire for the first of seven consecutive seven-year terms.^{[T eighteen]} His descendants took the surname Gardner in his honour.^{[T nineteen]}

Concept and creation [edit]

Tolkien admired heroism out of loyalty and honey, but despised airs, pride and wilfulness. The courage and loyalty displayed by Samwise Gamgee on his journey with Frodo is the kind of spirit that Tolkien praised in his essays on the Former English poem "The Boxing of Maldon".^[ii] Likewise, Sam'south rejection of the Band is a rejection of ability, simply too a "desire for renown which the defeat over Sauron will bring".^[3]

The graphic symbol's name is from Sampson Gamgee, a Birmingham medico who invented a surgical dressing; as a kid, Tolkien knew the give-and-take "gamgee" as a name for cotton fiber.^{[T 20]}

Tolkien took the name "Gamgee" from a colloquial give-and-take in Birmingham for cotton wool. This was in turn derived from Gamgee Tissue, a surgical dressing invented past a 19th-century Birmingham surgeon named Sampson Gamgee. Tolkien originally used information technology as a nickname for a man living in Lamorna Cove, England before adapting it into his stories:

In that location was a curious local grapheme, an quondam man who used to get about swapping gossip and weather-wisdom and such like. To amuse my children I named him Gaffer Gamgee... The choice of Gamgee was primarily directed past ingemination; but I did not invent it. Information technology was defenseless out of childhood memory, equally a comic word or name. Information technology was in fact the proper noun when I was pocket-size (in Birmingham) for 'cotton-wool'. (Hence the association of the Gamgees with the Cottons.) I knew nothing of its origin."^{[T 21]}

Tolkien claimed to be genuinely surprised when, in March 1956, he received a letter of the alphabet from one Sam Gamgee, who had heard that his proper noun was in The Lord of the Rings but had non read the volume. Tolkien replied on March eighteen:

Dear Mr. Gamgee,
It was very kind of you to write. You tin can imagine my astonishment when I saw your signature! I tin can only say, for your comfort, I hope, that the 'Sam Gamgee' of my story is a most heroic character, now widely honey past many readers, even though his origins are rustic. And then that possibly you will not be displeased at the coincidence of the name of this imaginary character of supposedly many centuries ago being the same every bit yours."^{[T 22]}

He sent Gamgee a signed copy of all iii volumes of the book. However, the incident sparked a nagging worry in Tolkien's listen, as he recorded in his journal "For some time I lived in fear of receiving a letter signed 'S. Gollum'. That would take been more difficult to deal with."^{[T 23]} He subsequently traced the origin of the name Gamgee to the Norman French surname "de Gamaches".^{[T 24]}

Tolkien called Sam the "chief hero" of the saga, adding: "I retrieve the simple 'rustic' love of Sam and his Rosie (nowhere elaborated) is absolutely essential to the written report of his (the chief hero's) graphic symbol, and to the theme of the relation of ordinary life (animate, eating, working, begetting) and quests, sacrifice, causes, and the 'longing for Elves', and sheer beauty."^{[T 25]}

Adaptations [edit]

In the 1971 Mind's Eye radio adaptation, Sam was voiced by Lou Bliss.^[4] In Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated version of The Lord of the Rings, Sam was voiced by Michael Scholes.^[5] In the 1980 animated version of The Return of the Male monarch, fabricated for idiot box, the graphic symbol was voiced past Roddy McDowall.^[6] In the 1981 BBC radio adaptation of The Lord of the Rings, Sam was played by Neb Nighy.^[7] In the 1993 Finnish television miniseries Hobitit, Sam is portrayed by Pertti Sveholm.^[viii]

In the Peter Jackson movies The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001), The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002) and The Lord of the Rings: The Render of the King (2003), Sam was played by Sean Astin.^[nine] The batman relationship and class differences between Sam and Frodo are somewhat subdued, though Sam all the same refers to Frodo equally "Mr." (merely not "Master").^[10] Entertainment Weekly called Sam Gamgee one of the "greatest sidekicks."^[eleven] UGO Networks also named Sam as 1 of their top heroes in entertainment.^[12]

On stage, Sam was portrayed by Peter Howe in the iii-hr long Toronto, Ontario, Canada stage production of The Lord of the Rings, which opened in 2006.^[13] In the United States, Sam was portrayed by Blake Bowden in the Cincinnati productions of The Fellowship of the Ring (2001), The Ii Towers (2002), and The Render of the King (2003) for Articulate Stage Cincinnati.^[14]

References [edit]

Primary [edit]

This list identifies each item's location in Tolkien'due south writings.

1. ^ The Fellowship of the Ring book 1, ch. 2, "The Shadow of the Past"
2. ^ The Fellowship of the Ring, book 2, ch. 2, "The Quango of Elrond"
3. ^ The Fellowship of the Ring book 2, ch. 8, "Farewell to Lórien"
4. ^ The Fellowship of the Ring volume two, ch. 10, "The Breaking of the Fellowship"
5. ^ The Two Towers book 4, ch. ane, "The Taming of Sméagol"
6. ^ The Ii Towers book 4, ch. 2, "The Passage of the Marshes"
7. ^ The 2 Towers book 4, ch. 9, "Shelob'due south Lair"
8. ^ The Two Towers book iv, ch. 10, "The Choices of Chief Samwise"
9. ^ The Return of the King book 6, ch. i, "The Tower of Cirith Ungol"
10. ^ The Return of the Rex book half-dozen, ch. 2, "The Country of Shadow"
11. ^ The Render of the Male monarch volume six, ch. 3, "Mount Doom"
12. ^ The Return of the King book half-dozen, ch. vii, "Homeward Leap"
13. ^ The Return of the King, book 6, ch. 8, "The Scouring of the Shire"
14. ^ ^{a b} The Return of the Rex book vi, ch. 9, "The Gray Havens"
15. ^ ^{a b c} Carpenter 1977, p. 89
16. ^ Carpenter 1981, p. alphabetic character 246 to Eileen Elgar, September 1963
17. ^ The Return of the King, Appendix F, II "On Translation"
18. ^ The Return of the King, Appendix B, "The Tale of Years", "After Events Concerning the Members of the Fellowship of the Ring"
19. ^ The Lord of the Rings, Appendix C "Family Trees", "The Longfather-Tree of Primary Samwise"
20. ^ Carpenter 1981, p. letter 257
21. ^ Carpenter 1981, p. letter 257
22. ^ Carpenter 1981, p. letter 184
23. ^ Carpenter 1977, pp. 224–225
24. ^ Carpenter 1981, p. letter 324
25. ^ Carpenter 1981, p. letter 131 to Milton Waldman, 1951

Secondary [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Garth, John (13 February 2014). "Sam Gamgee and Tolkien's batmen". Retrieved 17 May 2020.
2. ^ Solopova 2009, pp. 40–42.
3. ^ Solopova 2009, p. 42.
4. ^ Raggett, Ned (19 November 2018). "The Trouble With Ralph Bakshi'due south The Lord Of The Rings & Other Tolkien Misadventures". The Quietus. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
5. ^ "Sam". Behind the Phonation Actors . Retrieved half-dozen May 2020.
6. ^ "Compare: Sam". Behind the Voice Actors . Retrieved half-dozen May 2020.
7. ^ Dark-green, Willow (29 November 2001). "Lord of the Radio". Empire (Cinemas). Retrieved six May 2020.
8. ^ Kajava, Jukka (29 March 1993). "Tolkienin taruista on tehty tv-sarja: Hobitien ilme syntyi jo Ryhmäteatterin Suomenlinnan tulkinnassa" [Tolkien'south tales have been turned into a TV series: The Hobbits take been brought to live in the Ryhmäteatteri theatre]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). (subscription required)
9. ^ Jackson, Peter (2006). From Hobbits to Hollywood: Essays on Peter Jackson's Lord of the Rings. Rodopi. p. 9 "Dramatis Personae". ISBN90-420-1682-5.
10. ^ See The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring dir. Peter Jackson, 2001
11. ^ Schott, Ben. Schott'due south Miscellany Calendar 2009 (New York: Workman Publishing, 2008), March 21.
12. ^ UGO Team (21 January 2010). "Best Heroes of All Time". UGO Networks. Archived from the original on August 25, 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
13. ^ Brantley, Ben (24 March 2006). "Tolkien'due south 'Lord of the Rings,' Staged by Matthew Warchus in Toronto". The New York Times.
14. ^ McDonough, Joseph (25 September 2001). "Fellowship of the Ring". The Cincinnati Enquirer. p. 24 – via newspapers.com. Faring the best are Mr. Bowden as sidekick Sam Gamgee

Sources [edit]

• Carpenter, Humphrey (1977), J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biography, New York: Ballantine Books, ISBN978-0-04-928037-3
• Carpenter, Humphrey, ed. (1981), The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, ISBN978-0-395-31555-2
• Solopova, Elizabeth (2009), Languages, Myths and History: An Introduction to the Linguistic and Literary Background of J. R. R. Tolkien'southward Fiction, New York City: N Landing Books, ISBN 978-0-9816607-1-four

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samwise_Gamgee

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